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Basic Concept of Syllogism

Syllogism is a type of logical reasoning where conclusions are drawn from two or more given statements. The key idea is to understand how groups or categories relate to each other through inclusion or exclusion.

Common Terms & Meanings

  1. All A are B → Every A lies inside B.

  2. Some A are B → There is some overlap between A and B.

  3. No A is B → A and B do not overlap at all.

  4. Some A are not B → Part of A is outside B.

Basic Diagram Rule (Venn Logic)

Use circles to represent sets:

  • Draw overlapping circles for “Some”.

  • Draw one circle inside another for “All”.

  • Draw separate circles for “No”.

Key Tips to Solve Quickly

  1. Always link the middle term between two statements to form a logical chain.
    Example: All A are B, All B are C → All A are C.

  2. Avoid assuming anything extra not mentioned in the statements.

  3. Conclusions follow only when they are 100% true in all possible cases.

  4. Reverse checking helps — if “All A are B” is true, “Some B are A” is also true.

  5. Use the Venn diagram method when confused — it gives a visual confirmation.

In Short

Remember the 3 golden connections:

  • All A → B → C ⇒ All A are C

  • Some A → B → C ⇒ Some C are A (possible)

  • No A → B → C ⇒ No relation between A and C

This is all students need as a foundation before starting Syllogism Concept Applicator, Builder, Cracker, or Deviator questions — without confusion or memorizing too many rules.

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